The use of semantic transparency and L1-L2 congruency as multi-word units selection criteria

Multi-word units (MWUs) are defined as two or more words that commonly co-occur. There is evidence knowledge of high-frequency MWUs essential to language fluency, leading growing research identifying valuable learn and the impact L1-L2 congruency semantic transparency on learning burden MWUs. Therefore, there needs be which should selected with these criteria. This article highlights an investigation role using a corpus-based list offers sizable sample appear in general English. In this study, we analysed 11,212 created lemmatised concgramming approach examine congruency. The was translated into Persian, ratings were given each item. also classified based Grant Bauer’s (2004) taxonomy explore determine extent factors play results showed 85% items literal, low number opaque found high rating, suggesting positive relationship between transparency. current then discusses implications criteria for teaching English second considers their importance designing materials.